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Six Singapore shophouse architectural styles illustrated in a row: Early, First Transitional, Late, Second Transitional, Art Deco and Modern

Heritage · Architecture

Singapore Shophouse Architectural Styles

A side-by-side comparison of the six styles URA uses to classify conserved shophouses.

Style comparison table

Period boundaries overlap; URA and heritage authors use slightly different ranges. Treat these as guides.

StyleApprox. periodKey identifiers
Early1840s–1900sSimple, low-key façades; timber windows; Chinese-influenced detail; often plain plaster.
First Transitionalc.1900s–1920sMore ornament appears; Chinese Baroque and European influences begin to show.
Latec.1920s–1940Elaborate decoration, Peranakan tiles and colourful plasterwork.
Second Transitionalc.1930sSimpler façades with less ornament; modern materials appear.
Art Decoc.1930s onwardsGeometric, streamlined forms and fewer decorative flourishes.
Modernc.1950s–1960sPlain, functional design, often with reinforced concrete and minimal decoration.
Side-by-side comparison of an Early style and a Late style Singapore shophouse façade
Plain Early versus ornate Late.

How to identify a style on site

  • Count and shape the upper-floor windows and shutters.
  • Look at the plasterwork and tile decoration on the façade.
  • Check the five-foot way columns and pilasters for period detail.
Comparison of Second Transitional, Art Deco and Modern shophouse façades
The streamlined later styles.

Why style matters to owners

URA conservation guidelines apply to the original features of each style, so identifying the style helps you understand what must be retained or restored. See the buyer manual and restoration guide.

Annotated First Transitional style shophouse façade for identifying style features
Where to look when identifying a style.

Sources

Frequently Asked Questions

How many shophouse styles are there in Singapore?+

URA's conservation guidelines describe six styles: Early, First Transitional, Late, Second Transitional, Art Deco and Modern.

Which shophouse style is the most decorative?+

The Late style is generally regarded as the most ornate, with colourful plasterwork and Peranakan tile detail.

Does the style affect conservation requirements?+

Yes. URA's guidelines require retention and restoration of the original features that characterise each building's style.